When Is Sperm Retrieval Recommended?
One of the most common reasons for needing sperm retrieval is for men who have previously had a vasectomy. Although vasectomies are considered to be a permanent form of birth control, in many cases, they can be reversed. However, if vasectomy reversal fails, men still have the option of undergoing sperm retrieval to conceive. The retrieved sperm can then be used as part of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), in which the sperm is injected directly into the egg. In patients with a previous vasectomy, retrieval of sperm is almost always successful.
Sperm retrieval is also recommended for men who have very severe forms of infertility, with complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. In these instances, it is not possible to conceive without assisted reproductive technology (ART) or the use of donor sperm. As such, these patients require a procedure to retrieve sperm in order to conceive using their own sperm. In patients who do not have sperm in their ejaculate for other reasons, an attempt may be made to retrieve sperm from various points along the male reproductive tract, including the testes. This is successful approximately 50% of the time.